Ashworth Semester Exam SC160 Basic Biology

SC160 : Basic Biology
Question 1
Relative to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are usually:
larger and more complex.
smaller and simpler.
larger and equally complex.
smaller and more complex.

Question 2
The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together is called:
bonding.
cohesion.
polarity.
adhesion.

Question 3
You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it must be a __________ cell.
prokaryotic
animal
bacterial
plant

Question 4
Plants use photosynthesis to:
store chemical energy, and they use cellular respiration to harvest energy.
store as well as harvest chemical energy.
harvest energy, and they use cellular respiration to store chemical energy.
obtain carbon dioxide.

Question 5
Alleles are described as:
homologous chromosomes.
environmental factors that affect gene expression.
alternate versions of a gene.
alternate phenotypes.

Question 6
The process of making multiple copies of a gene by inserting it into a host genome and culturing the host is an example of:
gene cloning.
industrial genetic engineering.
gene amplification.
gene pharming.

Question 7
What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies only mate with males who emit light in a particular pattern?
Habitat isolation
Temporal isolation
Mechanical isolation
Behavioral isolation

Question 8
Mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi are called:
mycorrhizae.
mycelia.
mycophyta.
myrmecochores.

Question 9
Ecology is the study of:
life.
human effects on the environment.
interactions between humans and other species.
interactions between organisms and their environments.

Question 10
Populations of two coexisting species are both tertiary consumers in a community. What relationship may exist between these two organisms?
Predation
Mutualism
Competition
Commensalism

     

                        

SC160 Assignment 03 Revised

ASSIGNMENT 03

SC160 Basic Biology

Directions:  Be sure to save an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading. Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English, spelling and grammar. Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be four (4) double-spaced pages; refer to the "Assignment Format" page located on the Course Home page for specific format requirements.

 

Integrate by discussion the properties of life, basic chemical terminology, and molecules and compounds of a cell necessary for life. Include the basic anatomy and physiology of a cell and describe how cell respiration, photosynthesis, and cell reproduction occur in a succinct manner. Include a brief discussion about Mendel's Laws and an overview of DNA structure and function. Conclude with a discussion of cancer and the mechanisms of gene control.

  

SC160 Lesson 5 & 6 Exam SCORE 100 PERCENT

Lesson 6 Exam

 

Question 1

2.5 / 2.5 points

Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?

Question options:

	Animalia
	Plantae
	Archaea
	Eukarya
Question 2		2.5 / 2.5 points

RNAs that can act as enzymes are called:

Question options:

	ribozymes.
	ATPs.
	lysosomes.
	prokaryotes.
Question 3		2.5 / 2.5 points

You discover a prokaryote that can make its own food in the absence of light. Nutritionally, you would classify this prokaryote as a:

Question options:

	chemoautotroph.
	photoheterotroph.
	photoautotroph.
	heterotroph.
Question 4		2.5 / 2.5 points

The science of naming, identifying, and classifying organisms is called:

Question options:

	biogeography.
	zoography.
	phylogeny.
	taxonomy.
Question 5		2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following is a colonial form of green algae?

Question options:

	<i>Volvox</i>
	<i>Giardia</i>
	<i>Paramecium</i>
	<i>Plasmodium</i>
Question 6		2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following is NOT true?

Question options:

	The great diversification of animals occurred during the Cambrian explosion.
	For most of biological history, life was confined to aquatic habitats.
	The evolution of multicellularity took place after the origin of the eukaryotes.
	The first organisms to colonize land were animals.
Question 7		2.5 / 2.5 points

Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces. This switch in function is an example of:

Question options:

	paedomorphosis.
	punctuated equilibrium.
	convergent evolution.
	an exaptation.
Question 8		2.5 / 2.5 points

Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data EXCEPT:

Question options:

	proteins.
	DNA sequences.
	amino acid sequences.
	anatomical features.
Question 9		2.5 / 2.5 points

__________ are responsible for toxic red tides.

Question options:

	Plasmodial slime molds
	Dinoflagellates
	Red algae
	Diatoms
Question 10		2.5 / 2.5 points

Speciation requires:

Question options:

	periods of rapid evolutionary change.
	geographic isolation.
	long periods of time.
	genetic isolation.
Question 11		2.5 / 2.5 points

An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a:

Question options:

	outgroup.
	clade.
	genus.
	ingroup.
Question 12		2.5 / 2.5 points

Prokaryotes reproduce by means of:

Question options:

	mitosis.
	binary fission.
	budding.
	meiosis.
Question 13		2.5 / 2.5 points

Endosymbiosis explains the origin of the __________ of eukaryotes.

Question options:

	chloroplasts and mitochondria
	endomembrane system
	nuclear envelope
	membrane-bound organelles
Question 14		2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following would be an example of paedomorphosis?

Question options:

	Starfish regenerating severed limbs
	Rapid evolution in a small, isolated population
	Two species evolving a similar appearance
	The ability to reproduce evolving in caterpillars
Question 15		2.5 / 2.5 points

The wing of a penguin is __________ the wing of a butterfly.

Question options:

	structurally identical to
	superior to
	homologous to
	analogous to
Question 16		2.5 / 2.5 points

The absence of __________ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth.

Question options:

	N<sub>2</sub>
	CO<sub>2</sub>
	CH<sub>4</sub>
	O<sub>2</sub>
Question 17		2.5 / 2.5 points

A period of mass extinction is often followed by:

Question options:

	explosive diversification.
	nonbranching evolution.
	global cooling.
	equilibrium.
Question 18		2.5 / 2.5 points

Land was first colonized about __________ years ago.

Question options:

	100 million
	500 million
	1.7 billion
	2.5 billion
Question 19		2.5 / 2.5 points

Of the following taxonomic levels, species found within the same __________ are the most closely related.

Question options:

	family
	phylum
	order
	domain
Question 20		2.5 / 2.5 points

Variation among pre-cells was due to:

Question options:

	genetic drift.
	natural selection.
	the bottleneck effect.
	mutation.
Lesson 5 Exam

 

Question 21

2.5 / 2.5 points

Which one of the following statements is true?

Question options:

	Natural selection works on variation already present in a population.
	Natural selection works on non-heritable traits.
	Individuals evolve through natural selection.
	Organisms evolve structures that they need.
Question 22		2.5 / 2.5 points

The oldest known fossils are from about __________ years ago.

Question options:

	3.5 billion
	6,000
	4.0 million
	1.0 billion
Question 23		2.5 / 2.5 points

While on the Beagle, Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was __________ and sculpted by geologic processes that __________ today.

Question options:

	old; continue
	old; no longer occur
	young; continue
	young; no longer occur
Question 24		2.5 / 2.5 points

The human genome contains approximately __________ genes.

Question options:

	1,000-2,000
	50,000-60,000
	21,000
	2,000-3,000
Question 25		2.5 / 2.5 points

Which one of the following can create new alleles?

Question options:

	Bottleneck Effect
	Sexual reproduction
	Mutation
	Founder Effect
Question 26		2.5 / 2.5 points

The presence of freckles is due to a dominant allele. Four percent of the individuals in a particular population lack freckles. Use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the percentage of individuals in this population who are homozygous dominant for freckles.

Question options:

	32%
	4%
	64%
	80%
Question 27		2.5 / 2.5 points

Your family is taking a long driving vacation across the midwestern and western United States. As you travel, you notice that the flowers, birds, and trees of the Midwest and the Rocky Mountains are very different. As you ponder why, you remember that such differences in the distribution of species are part of the field of:

Question options:

	paleontology.
	geology.
	biogeography.
	morphology.
Question 28		2.5 / 2.5 points

The Human Genome Project has the potential to:

Question options:

	lead to treatments for inherited diseases.
	lead to treatments for contagious diseases.
	increase our understanding of the historical relationships among species.
	play a role in all of the above answer choices.
Question 29		2.5 / 2.5 points

The possibility that Mongolian ruler Genghis Khan spread an unusual chromosome to nearly 16 million men living today resulted from studies of:

Question options:

	proteomics.
	cDNA.
	the X chromosome.
	the Y chromosome.
Question 30		2.5 / 2.5 points

A DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads -ATTCG will bind with another DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads:

Question options:

	TAAGC-.
	CGGAT-.
	GCCTA-.
	ATTGC-.
Question 31		2.5 / 2.5 points

Genetically modifying human __________ cells may directly affect future generations.

Question options:

	intestinal
	immune
	gametic
	somatic
Question 32		2.5 / 2.5 points

The scientific field that studies complete sets of genes is called:

Question options:

	genomics.
	recombinant DNA.
	proteomics.
	restriction enzyme.
Question 33		2.5 / 2.5 points

Which enzyme is used to bind DNA fragments together?

Question options:

	Restriction enzyme
	Telomerase
	DNA ligase
	DNA polymerase
Question 34		2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection?

Question options:

	Differential reproductive success
	Overproduction of offspring
	Genetic variation
	Catastrophic events
Question 35		2.5 / 2.5 points

The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time make up that population's:

Question options:

	gene pool.
	genotype.
	heterozygosity.
	polymorphic pool.
Question 36		2.5 / 2.5 points

You are attempting to link an individual to a crime. The only evidence you have is a tiny drop of blood. How can you use this drop of blood to make the association?

Question options:

	You can use the sample to determine the individual's ABO blood group.
	You can use gel electrophoresis to determine the length of the DNA found in the sample.
	You can use PCR to increase the amount of DNA available for restriction fragment analysis.
	You can use the sample to check for the presence of the Rhesus factor.
Question 37		2.5 / 2.5 points

Natural selection results in:

Question options:

	increased genetic variation.
	a population that is better adapted to a future environment.
	a population that is adapted to its current environment.
	an increase in the size of a population.
Question 38		2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?

Question options:

	Directional selection
	Mutation
	Stabilizing selection
	Diversifying selection
Question 39		2.5 / 2.5 points

Nucleic acid probes are used to:

Question options:

	find a specific nucleotide sequence.
	isolate bacterial genes.
	destroy clones that do not carry the recombinant plasmid of interest.
	synthesize a RNA strand complementary to a stickyend.
Question 40		2.5 / 2.5 points

A collection of cloned DNA fragments that includes an organism's entire genome is called a:

Question options:

	phenotypic library.
	gene repository.
	clone collection.
	genomic library.