Question 1 (2.5 points)
To determine the ethical nature of an advertisement, the following points are relevant EXCEPT:
Question 1 options:
a) the interpretive skills of the audience
b) the capacity that the consumers possess to filter out the puffery and bias most advertising messages carry
c) the advertisement's level of influence
d) the capacities of the person or persons who receive the message
Save
Question 2 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is NOT a key component of the right to privacy?
Question 2 options:
a) control over who is disclosing information about oneself
b) control over to whom information about oneself is disclosed
c) control over what information about oneself is disclosed
d) control over how much information about oneself is disclosed
Save
Question 3 (2.5 points)
An indication of discrimination exists when:
Question 3 options:
a) a disproportionate number of a certain group's members hold less desirable positions despite their preferences and abilities.
b) a large number of a certain group's members are enrolled in a comparable worth program.
c) promotion decisions are not always based on individual merit.
d) corporate decisions often have a harmful impact on the interest of employees.
Save
Question 4 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is considered a valid criticism of the contract view?
Question 4 options:
a) Government regulation hinders its effectiveness.
b) The "invisible hand" of market forces makes it redundant.
c) The view assumes that the buyer and seller are equally qualified to evaluate the product.
d) Advertising effectively negates the validity of the contract.
Save
Question 5 (2.5 points)
Arguments against discrimination are:
Question 5 options:
a) Utilitarian, rights, and justice arguments
b) Rights, entitlements, and fairness arguments
c) Justice and Kantian arguments
d) Civil and criminal
Save
Question 6 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is a utilitarian argument against discrimination?
Question 6 options:
a) Discrimination leads to an inefficient use of human resources.
b) Discrimination violates basic human rights.
c) Discrimination results in an unjust distribution of society's benefits and burdens.
d) Discrimination violates the rule of free entry in a free market.
Save
Question 7 (2.5 points)
Which is a clear indication of discrimination?
Question 7 options:
a) A company preferentially hires new employees with graduate degrees.
b) A disproportionate number of a certain group's members hold less desirable positions despite their preferences and abilities.
c) Promotions are given based solely on sales figures.
d) A business owner promotes his son to a high-paying position in the company.
Save
Question 8 (2.5 points)
Recruitment practices that rely on the word-of-mouth referrals of present employees will tend to recruit:
Question 8 options:
a) highly qualified candidates.
b) a diverse group of candidates.
c) individuals who are equal in all relevant respects.
d) from the groups already represented.
Save
Question 9 (2.5 points)
Which of the following would NOT be a moral constraint of a contract?
Question 9 options:
a) each party should have full knowledge of the agreement
b) each party should have the ability to enter into the contract
c) neither party must misrepresent the facts
d) neither party must be forced to enter the contract under duress or undue influence
Save
Question 10 (2.5 points)
In 2008 dollars, what group has gained the most average income since 1975?
Question 10 options:
a) Whites
b) Women
c) Blacks
d) Hispanics
Save
Question 11 (2.5 points)
The consumers who think ahead, consider, and watch every penny they spend, knowing how their choices will affect their preferences are known as:
Question 11 options:
a) irrational utility minimizers
b) rational utility maximizers
c) rational consumption maximizers
d) irrational consumption maximizers
Save
Question 12 (2.5 points)
Under the theory of due care, under what conditions should the distribution of a product be strictly controlled?
Question 12 options:
a) when selling to an international market
b) when the product is produced by a monopoly
c) when the product requires expertise to handle safely
d) when the product has a universal application
Save
Question 13 (2.5 points)
With only a high school education, which group earned the least in 2008?
Question 13 options:
a) Whites
b) Women
c) Blacks
d) Hispanics
Save
Question 14 (2.5 points)
"It might be true that society as a whole would benefit by having some group discriminated against" is a/an _____ argument for discrimination.
Question 14 options:
a) Kantian
b) Utilitarian
c) Capitalist
d) Communist
Save
Question 15 (2.5 points)
In the due care theory of manufacturer's duties, the relationship between manufacturer and customer can be described as which of the following?
Question 15 options:
a) The manufacturer is in an unequal position to harm and take advantage of the customer.
b) They are equals.
c) The customer is in an unequal position to place demands on the manufacturer.
d) The manufacturer and the customer are separated by a regulating body.
Save
Question 16 (2.5 points)
What is "market power?"
Question 16 options:
a) the ability for free markets to self-regulate
b) the energy wasted through needless competition
c) the ability of large firms to use their assets to control a market
d) the ability of marketing campaigns to affect consumer desires
Save
Question 17 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic elements of discrimination in employment?
Question 17 options:
a) the decision must derive from racial or sexual prejudice
b) the decision must not be the result of a comparable worth program
c) the decision must not be based on individual merit
d) the decision must have a harmful impact on the interest of employees
Save
Question 18 (2.5 points)
Critics claim that __________ actually harm(s) women and minorities by implying that they are so inferior to white males that they need special help to succeed.
Question 18 options:
a) on-the-job training
b) anti-discrimination policies
c) affirmative action
d) comparable worth programs
Save
Question 19 (2.5 points)
According to__________, discrimination is wrong because it violates people's rights to be treated as equals.
Question 19 options:
a) Locke
b) Utilitarianism
c) Rawls
d) Kant
Save
Question 20 (2.5 points)
Which view of customer protection is most opposed to government intervention?
Question 20 options:
a) duty of care theory
b) social cost theory
c) market theory
d) communist theory
Save
Question 21 (2.5 points)
Deception involves three necessary conditions in the author. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Question 21 options:
a) The author must know it to be false.
b) The author must position the message in such a way as to gain audience interest.
c) The author must intend to have the audience believe something false.
d) The author must knowingly do something that leads the audience to believe the falsehooD.
Save
Question 22 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is most responsible for the wage gap between men and women?
Question 22 options:
a) education
b) absenteeism
c) work experience
d) none of the above
Save
Question 23 (2.5 points)
What is an affirmative action program?
Question 23 options:
a) a program to increase employee morale and thereby improve utility
b) a program through which ethical behavior is recognized and rewarded
c) a program meant to correct imbalances in the demographics of a workforce
d) a program aimed to compensate individuals harmed by a product before they attempt to sue
Save
Question 24 (2.5 points)
Critics of advertising claim it has several adverse effects on society. Which of the following is NOT one of these claims?
Question 24 options:
a) It is overly influential.
b) It degrades people's tastes
c) It wastes valuable resources
d) It creates monopoly power
Save
Question 25 (2.5 points)
What dubious advice does Credit Solutions initially give its clients?
Question 25 options:
a) not to pay their credit cards
b) to sell off all of their fungible assets
c) to max out their credit cards
d) to pay off their mortgage with their credit card
Save
Question 26 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is NOT a necessary consideration when collecting private information?
Question 26 options:
a) whether the client has given informed consent to the collection
b) whether the information is already held by another institution
c) whether the information is necessary and relevant to the business
d) whether the information will be reasonably secure
Save
Question 27 (2.5 points)
Caveat emptor is a Latin phrase used to mean what in modern business?
Question 27 options:
a) "The customer is always right."
b) "You break it, you buy it."
c) "Let the buyer beware."
d) "Always be closing."
Save
Question 28 (2.5 points)
Who argued that it is unjust to give some people more opportunity than others?
Question 28 options:
a) Kant
b) Rawls
c) Marx
d) Kohlberg
Save
Question 29 (2.5 points)
Which group is considered vulnerable to advertising aimed at altering desires?
Question 29 options:
a) parents
b) seniors
c) children
d) corporations
Save
Question 30 (2.5 points)
Kant would argue that humans should be treated as ends in themselves and never as a means to an enD. With respect to discrimination, this implies that people should be treated as what?
Question 30 options:
a) equals
b) property
c) competitors
d) family
Save
Question 31 (2.5 points)
The _________ of the manufacturer's duties to consumers is based on the idea that consumers and sellers do not meet as equals and the consumer's interests are particularly vulnerable to being harmed by the manufacturer.
Question 31 options:
a) duty to comply
b) contract view
c) consumer protection clause
d) due care theory
Save
Question 32 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is NOT a condition for which affirmative action can be legally instituted?
Question 32 options:
a) a manifest racial imbalance
b) the allocation of funds of local government for contractors
c) an historic, persistent, and egregious underrepresentation of women
d) an egregious lack of diversity in an educational institution
Save
Question 33 (2.5 points)
What is a "bait advertisement?"
Question 33 options:
a) an ad that is attached to free merchandise
b) an ad that lures customers into the store through curiosity
c) an ad that promises an item that is not actually available
d) an ad for earthworms, mealworms or minnows
Save
Question 34 (2.5 points)
____________ comparisons are the most suggestive indicators of discrimination.
Question 34 options:
a) Male and female ratio
b) Desirable occupation
c) Income
d) Education
Save
Question 35 (2.5 points)
Since the jobs women have historically taken pay low wages and salaries, proponents of __________ programs attempt not to place women into higher paying jobs, but to increase the salaries of those jobs where women currently are employed.
Question 35 options:
a) comparable worth
b) anti-discrimination
c) affirmative action
d) job evaluation
Save
Question 36 (2.5 points)
A study by Consumer Reports found errors in what percent of the credit reports that it analyzed?
Question 36 options:
a) less than 1%
b) 11%
c) 43%
d) nearly 100%
Save
Question 37 (2.5 points)
Which occupation has the smallest proportion of women employed?
Question 37 options:
a) social workers
b) lawyers
c) pilots
d) artists
Save
Question 38 (2.5 points)
Affirmative action programs begin with a(n)__________ in an organization.
Question 38 options:
a) review of past discrimination
b) utilization analysis of the major job classifications
c) compensation analysis of the major job classifications
d) review of employee backgrounds
Save
Question 39 (2.5 points)
Some advertisements that are intended to manipulate consumers violate what right?
Question 39 options:
a) the right to free speech
b) the consumer's right to be treated as a free and equal rational being
c) the right to choose between competitors in a free market
d) the right to personal safety
Save
Question 40 (2.5 points)
Which of the following is considered a valid challenge to the social cost view?
Question 40 options:
a) It allows consumers to sue manufacturers for their own clumsiness or incompetence.
b) It encourages unsafe use of products in hopes of large settlements.
c) It can be unfair to companies as it may punish them for unforeseeable effects.
d) It can negatively impact insurance companies, driving them out of business.
Save
No comments:
Post a Comment